PENGARUH FENOMENA SUNSPOT TERHADAP VARIASI SUHU UDARA DAN KELEMBAPAN RELATIF DI KOTA MEDAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v23i2.781Keywords:
sunspot, suhu udara, kelembapan relatif, Kota MedanAbstract
Pengaruh aktivitas Matahari terhadap cuaca dan iklim telah menjadi topik penelitian setelah siklus 11 tahunan sunspot ditemukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sunspot terhadap variasi suhu udara dan kelembapan relatif (RH) di Kota Medan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan data rata-rata harian suhu udara dan RH selama 30 tahun dari tahun 1985 – 2014 di Stasiun Meteorologi Kualanamu yang diperoleh dari BMKG. Sementara itu, data bilangan sunspot (sunspot number) harian tahun 1985 – 2014 diperoleh dari Solar Influences Data Analysis Center (SIDC) - The Royal Observatory of Belgium (RWC). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koefisien determinasi R² antara sunspot number dengan parameter suhu udara dan RH secara berturut-turut adalah 0,9 dan 2,2. Sementara itu, koefisien korelasi antara sunspot number dengan parameter suhu udara dan RH secara berturut-turut adalah -0,058 dan 0,038. Semua variabel menunjukkan p-value <0,05 yang berarti signifikan secara statistik. Sehingga, peningkatan bilangan sunspot berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap penurunan suhu udara dan peningkatan RH di Kota Medan.
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