PENGARUH MICROBURST DAN LOW-LEVEL WIND SHEAR (LLWS) PADA KASUS KECELAKAAN PENDARATAN PESAWAT LION AIR TANGGAL 13 APRIL 2013 DI BALI

Authors

  • Achmad Sasmito Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG)
  • Donaldi S. Permana Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG)
  • Alfan S. Praja Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG)
  • Urip Haryoko Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v21i1.549

Keywords:

Microburst, LLWS, awan Cumulus, awan Cb, radar

Abstract

Pada tanggal 13 April  2013 pukul 14.00-15.00 WIB telah terjadi musibah jatuhnya pesawat Lion Air Boeing 737-800 di laut Bali sebelum mencapai ujung landas pacu 09 di bandara Ngurah Rai, Bali. Informasi meteorologi yang yang lengkap sangat diperlukan untuk membantu mengungkap penyebab terjadinya peristiwa tersebut. Kajian dilakukan dengan menggunakan data satelit, data radar, model global JMA, data AWOS dan Flight Data Recorder (FDR). Berdasarkan analisis data satelit MTSAT menunjukkan bahwa di sekitar bandara terdapat pertumbuhan awan Cumulus yang berkembang menjadi awan Cumulonimbus (Cb) dengan suhu puncak awan -42o C, hasil analisis data radar cuaca menunjukkan bahwa di sebelah barat landasan sekitar 5 km dari ujung landasan yang biasa digunakan untuk touch down pesawat ditengarai terdapat awan Cumulus dan Cb dengan tinggi dasar awan sekitar 500 meter.  Selain itu, hasil analisis data NWP model global dan AWOS menunjukkan adanya LLWS yakni angin permukaan dominan dari timur sedangkan angin lapisan atasnya (lapisan1000 mb) dominan angin dari timur-laut dengan kecepatan antara 10-15 knot. Dengan mempertimbangkan seluruh data meteorologi yang tersedia, jalur penerbangan, dan kerusakan pesawat diduga kuat bahwa saat akan mendarat pesawat Lion Air berada dibawah awan Cb, dan mengalami microburst sebelum sempat mendarat.  

 

On April 13, 2013 at 14.00-15.00 WIB (07.00 – 08.00 UTC) the Lion Air Boeing 737-800 aircraft crashed in the Bali sea before reaching the end of runway 09 in Ngurah Rai airport, Bali. This study aims to analyze the potential occurrence of microburst and LLWS as the causes of this accident based on satellite, weather radar, JMA global models, AWOS and aircraft FDR data. Satellite data showed that cumulus clouds developed into Cb clouds with peak temperatures of -52.5 oC around the airport. Radar data showed that in the west of the runway around 2 - 3 km there were suspected cumulus and Cb clouds with a cloud base height of about 500 meters. Besides, model data and AWOS showed the existence of LLWS indicated by the easterly surface wind and the northeasterly upper layer winds (925 mb) with speeds between 10-15 knots. This was supported by aircraft FDR data which showed a very strong downburst which caused the aircraft to drop drastically with an average of 375 meters/minute from 6000 feet at 07.00 UTC to 1000 feet at 07.04 UTC before finally crashed at 07.10 UTC. This indicates the potential for a microburst that results in an aircraft accident.

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Published

2020-11-02

How to Cite

Sasmito, A., Permana, D. S., Praja, A. S., & Haryoko, U. (2020). PENGARUH MICROBURST DAN LOW-LEVEL WIND SHEAR (LLWS) PADA KASUS KECELAKAAN PENDARATAN PESAWAT LION AIR TANGGAL 13 APRIL 2013 DI BALI. Jurnal Meteorologi Dan Geofisika, 21(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v21i1.549

Issue

Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)

Section

Article

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