MODEL PRAKIRAAN CURAH HUJAN BULANAN DI WILAYAH JAWA BAGIAN UTARA DENGAN PREDIKTOR SUHU MUKA LAUT (SML) DAN OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION (OLR)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v10i2.39Keywords:
Prakiraan curah hujan bulanan, prediktor, JST, ZOMAbstract
Penelitian ini telah menganalisis pengaruh Suhu Muka Laut (SML) dan Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) terhadap curah hujan bulanan di wilayah Jawa bagian utara. Sebagai wilayah represntatifnya digunakan data curah hujan empat Zonasi Musim (ZOM) meliputi ZOM 30, 43, 88, dan 90. Data curah hujan bulanan ke empat ZOM tersebut dihitung koefisien Pearson (r) saat dikorelasikan dengan SML dengan resolusi 1º X 1º dan OLR dengan resolusi 2.5º X 2.5º pada domain 5º LU - 20º LS dan 90º BT – 150º BT selama periode 1979 – 2007. Hasilnya menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara curah hujan bulanan dengan SML dan OLR. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan juga Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST) untuk menyusun model prakiraan curah hujan bulanan di empat ZOM dengan masukan SML dan OLR hasil korelasi di atas yang berperan sebagai prediktor. Untuk menentukan validasi model tersebut, hasil prakiraan diverifikasi dengan data observasi selama periode 2003 – 2007. Hasil luaran model menunjukkan pola yang sama dan konsisten ketika dibandingkan dengan data observasi. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan pula dengan nilai RMSE yang kecil selama tahun 2006. Disisi lain, hasil evaluasi dengan menggunakan nilai galat, galat besar diperoleh selama periode bulan-bulan kering.
Aims of this research is to analysis the influence of sea surface temperature (SST)) and Outgoing Long wave Radiation (OLR) on monthly rainfall in northern Java Island. The rainfall data are from Rainfall Type (ZOM) 30, ZOM 43, ZOM 88, and ZOM 90 as defined by Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (MCGA). The monthly rainfall of each region were calculated by Pearson coefficient ( r) to be correlated to SST resolution 1º X 1º and OLR resolution 2.5 º X 2.5º at area domain 5º N - 20º S and 90º E – 150º E and over period 1979 – 2007. The result indicates significant correlations between the monthly rainfall and SST and OLR. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was applied to predict monthly rainfall over the four ZOM using input SST and OLR selected base on the correlation result. The validation of ANN model was done by comparing output of the monthly predicted rainfall to its observation over period 2003 – 2007. It is found out that the output model pattern is reasonably its consistent to its observation. The value of RMSE is smallest in 2006. The evaluation result using bias indicates that the biggest error occurred during dry season period.
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Copyright (c) 2014 Dedi Sucahyono, Hidayat Pawitan, Aji Hamim Wigena

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