TREN TEMPERATUR DAN HUJAN EKSTRIM DI JUANDA SURABAYA TAHUN 1981-2013

Authors

  • Firda Amalia Maslakah Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v16i3.284

Keywords:

indeks iklim ekstrim, hujan ekstrim, temperatur ekstrim, Juanda

Abstract

Perubahan iklim akibat  peningkatan konsentrasi gas rumah kaca telah menyebabkan perubahan pada kejadian iklim ekstrim. Pada  penelitian  ini dilakukan kajian mengenai tren indeks temperatur dan hujan ekstrim periode 1981-2013 di Juanda Surabaya. Data temperatur maksimum, temperatur minimum dan  curah hujan harian  diolah dengan Software RClimDex sehingga didapatkan data indeks temperatur dan hujan ekstrim. Indeks-indeks tersebut merupakan indeks iklim ekstrim yang ditetapkan oleh ETCCDMI yang terdiri atas TN10p, TN90p, TX10p, TX90p, TNn, TNx, TXn, TXx, DTR, RX1day, RX5day, PRCPTOT,  CDD, CWD dan R95p. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi kejadian baik temperatur dingin maupun panas di siang hari semakin meningkat seperti halnya yang terjadi pada kejadian temperatur panas di malam hari. Tren meningkat juga teramati pada jumlah hari hujan berturut-turut, jumlah hari tanpa hujan berturut-turut dan kejadian hujan lebat. Sebaliknya, kejadian temperatur dingin di malam hari, kisaran temperatur diurnal,dan jumlah curah hujan tahunan semakin berkurang. Peningkatan frekuensi kejadian cuaca/iklim ekstrim dapat menyebabkan semakin tingginya potensi bencana alam seperti banjir dan kekeringan. 

 

Climate change due to the increase in greenhouse gas concentration has caused changes in extreme climate events. Changes in indices of temperature and extreme precipitation for the period of 1981-2013 in Juanda Surabaya has been studied. Data on daily minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and daily rainfall were processed with the RClimDex software package to obtain extreme temperature and rain indices data. Those indices are extreme climate indices fixed by ETCCDMI which consist of TN10p, TN90p, TX10p, TX90p, TNn, TNx, TXn, TXx, DTR, RX1day, RX5day, PRCPTOT, CDD, CWD and R95p. The result shows that the frequency of both cold and warm days rise as observed on warm nights. The number of consecutive wet days, the number of consecutive dry days and heavy precipitation events also show upward trends. On the other hand, there are downward trends in the number of cold nights, diurnal temperature range and total annual precipitation. An increase in the frequency of extreme weather/climate can lead to a higher probability of natural disasters such as floods and drought.

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Published

2015-12-15

How to Cite

Maslakah, F. A. (2015). TREN TEMPERATUR DAN HUJAN EKSTRIM DI JUANDA SURABAYA TAHUN 1981-2013. Jurnal Meteorologi Dan Geofisika, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v16i3.284

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 3 (2015)

Section

Article

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