ANALISIS KONDISI UDARA ATAS WILAYAH INDONESIA DENGAN DATA RADIOSONDE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v18i1.268Keywords:
meteorologi, radiosondeAbstract
Analisis kondisi udara atas wilayah Indonesia telah dilakukan dengan data rawindsonde. Sebanyak sebelas stasiun peluncuran rawindsonde di wilayah Indonesia, Malaysia dan Singapura digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan panjang data selama lima tahun. Ada beberapa informasi penting telah didapatkan, yaitu tentang profil suhu dan penurunan suhu (lapse rate), lapisan tropopause, profil komponen angin zonal, dan beberapa nilai indeks rawindsonde. Lapse rate rerata dari permukaan sampai ketinggian lapisan tropopause adalah sekitar -0.62oC/100meter, sedangkan lapse rate rerata dari permukaan sampai paras freezing level sekitar -0.55oC/100meter. Untuk lapisan di atas freezing level mempunyai tingkat labilitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada lapisan di bawah freezing level. Lapisan tropopause secara rerata berada pada ketinggian 16.6 kilometer dengan suhu sekitar -81oC. Dari pengamatan rawindsonde menunjukkan nilai ketinggian lapisan tropopause yang relatif hampir sama. Profil angin komponen zonal untuk beberapa stasiun pengamatan menunjukkan adanya periodisitas pada lapisan bawah (di bawah 5 kilometer atau sekitar 15 ribu feet) yaitu pada musim hujan dominan komponen angin baratan sedang pada musim kering dominan angin timuran. Dari nilai-nilai indeks rawindsonde di wilayah Indonesia secara rerata dalam kisaran weak dan moderate. Secara umum juga terlihat bahwa semakin dekat dengan ekuator (lintang kecil) maka nilai CAPE cenderung lebih besar dibandingkan dengan daerah yang lebih jauh dari ekuator. Perlu dilakukan kajian dan analisis lebih lanjut terutama komponen angin zonal pada lapisan atas untuk lebih memahami pola sirkulasi udara atas wilayah Indonesia.
Analysis of upper-air conditions over Indonesia has been done using the radiosondes data. A total of eleven radiosonde stations launched in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore have been used in this study The length of the data used in this study is five years. There was some important information has been collected, which are the temperature profile, lapse rate, the tropopause layer, the profile of the zonal wind component, and some radiosonde indexes. The average lapse rate from the o surface to the tropopause layer is about -0.62 C/100m, while the average lapse rate of the surface to the freezing level is o around -0.55 C/100m. Especially for a layer above freezing level lability has a higher level than in the layer below the freezing level. The average height of the tropopause layer is about 16.6 kilometers above ground level with o temperatures of -81 C. Zonal wind component profiles for several observation stations showed periodicity in the lower layers (below 15 thousand feet). During rainy season is dominantly westerlies, while for the dry season is dominantly easterlies. From radiosonde indexes in the study was found that average values in the range of weak to moderate. It is necessary to study and do further analysis especially for zonal wind components on the top layer of the atmosphere to have a better understanding especially in patterns of air circulation over the Indonesia region.
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