ANALISIS KECEPATAN GELOMBANG GESER (Vs) DI CILACAP, JAWA TENGAH SEBAGAI UPAYA MITIGASI BENCANA GEMPABUMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v16i1.263Keywords:
Cilacap, Kecepatan Gelombang Geser (Vs), Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW)Abstract
Cilacap merupakan daerah yang sering merasakan dampak guncangan gempabumi. Populasi penduduk yang besar dan keberadaan obyek penting pemerintah menjadi suatu pertimbangan diperlukannya kajian efek guncangan gempabumi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan daerah yang memiliki potensi mengalami kerusakan akibat guncangan gempabumi berdasarkan jenis tanah hasil analisis kecepatan gelombang geser (Vs) sebagai salah satu upaya mitigasi bencana gempabumi. Nilai Vs didapatkan dari pengukuran Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW) pada 14 lokasi dan pengolahan menggunakan perangkat lunak WinMASW untuk mendapatkan profil Vs 1D. Selanjutnya dibuat sayatan selatan – utara dan barat daya–timur laut untuk mendapatkan gambaran Vs secara 2D. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daerah penelitian memiliki nilai Vs rata-rata (0-30 m) antara 153 m/s – 355 m/s. Berdasarkan sayatan 2D tersusun oleh jenis tanah lunak (Vs ≤ 175 m/s), jenis tanah sedang (175 < Vs ≤ 350m/s), dan jenis tanah keras (Vs ≥ 350 m/s), dengan dominasi utama adalah tanah sedang dengan endapan sedimen yang cukup tebal. Hal ini menyebabkan daerah penelitian terutama di bagian selatan, tengah, dan barat berpeluang besar mengalami guncangan yang lebih besar ketika terjadi gempabumi, sehingga berpotensi mengalami kerusakan yang lebih besar. Sedangkan daerah yang relatif aman untuk pengembangan wilayah berada di sisi utara dan timur daerah penelitian karena tersusun atas endapan sedimen tipis dan tanah yang keras.
Cilacap is an area that often suffers earthquake shocks impact. A large population and the existence of important government object becomes a consideration for a study related to earthquake shocks effect. This study aims to map areas that have potential damages due to earthquake, based on soil type from shear wave velocity (Vs) analysis, as an effort to earthquake disaster mitigation. Vs obtained from Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave(MASW) at 14 locations and processed using WinMASW software to obtain a 1D velocity profile. Further, a 2D incision was made for south-north (A-A') and southwest-northeast (B-B') to obtain a 2D Vs profile. The results showed an average value of Vs (0-30m) between 153 - 355 m/s. Based on 2D incision result, the soil is arranged in layers by soft soil (Vs ≤ 175 m/s), medium soil (175 <Vs ≤ 350 m/s), and hard soil (Vs ≥ 350 m/s), with major dominant is the medium soil with a fairly thick sediment deposition. It causes research areas in the south, central, and west areas will have a greater shocks impact when an earthquake occurs, thus potentially suffer greater damages. Whilst, relatively safe areas for rural development are in North and East sides because they are composed of thin sediments and hard soils.
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