IDENTIFIKASI DAN DELINEASI WILAYAH ENDEMIK KEKERINGAN UNTUK PENGELOLAAN RISIKO IKLIM DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v13i1.114Keywords:
usaha tani padi, kekeringan, pengelolaan risiko iklim, climate risk management, rice farming systemAbstract
Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil analisis, survey dan wawancara dengan petani di Kabupaten Indramayu terkait dengan kejadian kekeringan. Klasifikasi dan peta tingkat endemik kekeringan dianalisis berdasarkan plot antara anomali luas kekeringan dan anomali frekuensi kejadian kekeringan. Berdasarkan survey di Kabupaten Indramayu, kekeringan menjadi penyebab utama gagal panen (79,8%). Kekeringan paling sering terjadi selama 6 bulan dan bulan Juni adalah bulan yang dominan terjadi kekeringan. Sebaran rata-rata luas kekeringan per kecamatan adalah 26 Ha sampai dengan 1602,5 Ha, dengan rata-rata 406 Ha/per kecamatan. Jumlah kejadian kekeringan berkisar antara 1-9 kejadian dan rata-rata 4 kejadian kekeringan dalam kurun waktu 2005-2011. Peta endemik kekeringan menghasilkan sebaran wilayah dengan klasifikasi endemik kekeringan tinggi, agak tinggi, agak rendah dan rendah. Beberapa pilihan teknologi untuk pengelolaan risiko iklim diusulkan dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan peta endemik kekeringan, karakteristik dan diskripsi setiap wilayah. Wilayah endemik tinggi merupakan prioritas pertama penanganan apabila terjadi bencana kekeringan. Pada wilayah ini dapat diterapkan teknik irigasi bergilir teratur, penggunaan varietas sangat genjah dan toleran kekeringan. Untuk sawah tadah hujan digunakan padi gogorancah pada MH dan walik jerami pada MK, pergiliran varietas dan pengaturan pola tanam.
This paper presents the results of analysis, surveys and interviews with farmers in Indramayu district. Drought becomes a major cause of crop failure (79,8%). Classification and map of drought were analysis based on anomaly drought area and frequency drought data.. Distribution of average drought in Indramayu district is 406 ha and 4 incidents in 2005-2011. Map of endemic drought is produce four classification : high, middle high, middle low and low. Several technologies for managing climate risk in this research can be designed based on the map of endemic drought, the characteristics and description of each area. Highly endemic areas is the first priority handling in case of drought. In this irrigation techniques can be applied to regular rotation, the use of very early maturing varieties and drought tolerant. For rainfed land, gogorancah can be applied during wet season, and walik jerami in dry season, rotating varieties and cropping patterns.
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